আউটসোর্সিং কি ?

আউটসোর্সিংঃ

একটি প্রতিষ্ঠানের কাজ ওই প্রতিষ্ঠান নিজে না করে তৃতীয় কোনো ব্যক্তি বা প্রতিষ্ঠানের সাহায্যে করিয়ে নেওয়াকে আউটসোর্সিং বলে। আর ফ্রিল্যান্সার বা মুক্ত পেশাজীবী হচ্ছেন এমন একজন ব্যক্তি, যিনি কোনো প্রতিষ্ঠানের সঙ্গে স্বল্পমেয়াদি চুক্তিতে ওই প্রতিষ্ঠানটির কোনো কাজ করে দেন। অর্থাৎ তিনি তার সুবিধামত সময়ে প্রয়োজন মত কাজের দায়িত্ব নিয়ে তা সম্পন্ন করে দেন। কোন সাপ্তাহিক বা মাসিক বা বার্ষিক দায়িত্ব তাকে নিতে হয় না। তাই একজন ফ্রিল্যান্সার তার নির্দিষ্ট প্রাতিষ্ঠানিক দায়িত্ব শেষ করে বাকি সময়ে প্রয়োজন মত আউটসোর্সিং এর কাজ করতে পারেন।

আয়ঃ

বাংলাদেশে যারা লার্ন এন্ড আর্ন পর্যায়ে আছেন তারা মাসে ১০,০০০টাকা থেকে ২০,০০০টাকা পর্যন্ত আয় করছেন। যারা কোন বিশেষ বিষয়ের উপর অভিজ্ঞতা অর্জন করেছেন তারা অনেকেই এক লক্ষ থেকে পাঁচ লক্ষ টাকা পর্যন্ত আয় করছেন। ২০১২-২০১৩অর্থ বছরে ফ্রিল্যান্সাররা সরকারি হিসেবে দশ কোটি ডলার আয় করেছেন, যা টাকার হিসাবে দাঁড়ায় সাতশত আশি কোটি টাকা। এ্রই হিসেবের বাইরে রয়েছে প্রায় পাঁচ কোটি ডলার, যা টাকার হিসাবে দাঁড়ায় প্রায় চারশত কোটি টাকা - যা এই হিসেবের মধ্যে আসেনি। সব চাইতে খুশির কথা হল এই আয়ে ব্যয় নেই বলতে গেলে। আর স্টাবলিশমেন্ট কস্ট জিরো।

যারা প্রাতিষ্ঠানিকভাবে আউটসোর্সিং করছেন তাদের কর্মপরিধি আরও অনেক বড়।
যে কেউ আউটসোর্সিংয়ের প্রশিক্ষণ নিয়ে বাড়িতে বসেই উপার্জন করতে পারেন সম্মানজনক অর্থ।

Outsourcing

In business, outsourcing is the contracting out of a business process to a third-party. The term “outsourcing” became popular in the United States near the turn of the 21st century. Outsourcing sometimes involves transferring employees and assets from one firm to another, but not always. Outsourcing is also used to describe the practice of handing over control of public services to for-profit corporations.
Outsourcing includes both foreign and domestic contracting, and sometimes includes offshoring or relocating a business function to another country. Financial savings from lower international labor rates is a big motivation for outsourcing/offshoring.
The opposite of outsourcing is called insourcing, which entails bringing processes handled by third-party firms in-house, and is sometimes accomplished via vertical integration. However, a business can provide a contract service to another business without necessarily insourcing that business process.

Overview

Two organizations may enter into a contractual agreement involving an exchange of services and payments. Outsourcing is said to help firms to perform well in their core competencies and mitigate shortage of skill or expertise in the areas where they want to outsource.
In the early 21st century, businesses increasingly outsourced to suppliers outside their own country, sometimes referred to as offshoring or offshore outsourcing. Several related terms have emerged to refer to various aspects of the complex relationship between economic organizations or networks, such as nearshoring, crowdsourcing, multisourcing and strategic outsourcing.
Outsourcing can offer greater budget flexibility and control. Outsourcing lets organizations pay for only the services they need, when they need them. It also reduces the need to hire and train specialized staff, brings in fresh engineering expertise, and reduces capital and operating expenses.
One of the biggest changes in the early 21st century came from the growth of groups of people using online technologies to use outsourcing as a way to build a viable service delivery business that can be run from virtually anywhere in the world. The preferential contract rates that can be obtained by temporarily employing experts in specific areas to deliver elements of a project purely online means that there is a growing number of small businesses that operate entirely online using offshore contractors to deliver the work before repackaging it to deliver to the end user. One common area where this business model thrives is in providing website creation, analysis and marketing services. All elements can be done remotely and delivered digitally, and service providers can leverage the scale and economy of outsourcing to deliver high-value services at reduced end-customer prices.

Reasons for outsourcing

Companies primarily outsource to avoid certain costs - such as peripheral or “non-core” business expenses, high taxes, high energy costs, excessive government regulation/mandates, production and/or labor costs. The incentive to outsource may be greater for U.S. companies due to unusually high corporate taxes and mandated benefits, like social security, Medicare, and safety protection (OSHA regulations). At the same time, it appears U.S. companies do not outsource to reduce executive or managerial costs. For instance, executive pay in the United States in 2007 was more than 400 times more than average workers-a gap 20 times bigger than it was in 1965. In 2011, twenty-six of the largest US corporations paid more to CEO’s than they paid in federal taxes. Such statistics imply that the reason companies outsource is not to avoid costs in general but to avoid specific types of costs.
One strong reason for outsourcing is the lack of available resources locally. This is particularly true for IT outsourcing, where the US has a lack of available resources. This knowledge gap can be felt more outside major cities.

Implications For business/Management processes

Greater physical distance between higher management and the production-floor employees often requires a change in management methodologies, as inspection and feedback may not be as direct and frequent as in internal processes. This often requires the assimilation of new communication methods such as Voice over ip, Instant messaging, and Issue Tracking Systems, new Time management methods such as Time Tracking Software, and new cost- and schedule-assessment tools such as Cost Estimation Software.
Communications and customer service
In the area of call centers end-user-experience is deemed to be of lower quality when a service is outsourced. This is exacerbated when outsourcing is combined with offshoring to regions where the first language and culture are different.
Foreign call center agents may speak with different linguistic features such as accents, word use and phraseology, which may impede comprehension. The visual cues that are missing in a telephone call may lead to misunderstandings and difficulties. ———————–

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